CHILD EXPLOITATION

CHILD EXPLOITATION

                Throughout the human history, child exploitation has been one of the most serious problems in this planet. The problem is that children’s exploitation has been constantly increasing over the past few decades. More than 250 million children between the ages of 5 to 14 work every day in the world.

                Furthermore, the International Labor Organization (ILO) believes that up to 1.2 million children are trafficked annually all over the world. Most of the children who are exploited live not only in countries of the third world such as Asia, Africa, but also in Europe and North America. The work that can be carried out by a child would be qualified as exploitation that the child must work full-time at an early age. Also, when children must assume too heavy responsibilities, it is also treated as the exploitation of children.

                For instance, Joseph R. Kony, born in 1961, was the leader of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a guerilla group that formerly operated in Uganda, Africa. Kony was accused by the government entities of ordering the abduction of children to become child soldiers and sex slaves. Approximately 66,000 children became soldiers, and 2 million people were displaced internally from 1986 to 2009. The other millions of African children were forced by him to kill their families.

                In this case, Indonesia is not only a major source of human capital for trafficking for forced labour, debt bondage and sexual exploitation, but, to a lesser extent, it is also a destination and transit country for foreign victims from neighboring countries. Internal trafficking across and between provinces and from rural to urban areas is equally pervasive, occurring in two thirds of all provinces. An estimated 30 percent of women involved in prostitution in Indonesia are below 18, with between 40,000 and 70,000 Indonesian children being victims of sexual exploitation. Of 3,735 victims of trafficking assisted by IOM in Indonesia between March 2005 and March 2010, 741 targets were girls, reported by UNICEF. 

                Overall, the exploitation of children has been increased and it is consistently increasing over the time. Now the number of children who has been exploited either in commercial or sexual way are up to 250 million. In order to prevent this issue, we should know how to address this problem in the first place and get to know what the severity of this issue is, and condemn strongly because the exploitations of children do more harm than good.

                                                Source: Wikipedia, insideindonesia, UNICEF.

1.       What are signs or symptoms of child abuse or neglect?

2.       How does Indonesia define child abuse or neglect?

3.       What are the most common types of maltreatment to children?

4.       What makes people abuse children?

5.       Can we prevent child abuse and neglect? How?

BENTENG PANYNYUA ENGLISH CLUB
(Social Institution for Education and Human Resources Development)
Secretariat of Activities: Fort Rotterdam Jl. Penghibur No. 1, Makassar
Secretariat: Jl. Tanjung Palette, No. Telp. 085342612767, FB: facebook.com/bpecMks

Restriction on freedom of speech

Restriction on freedom of speech

         Freedom of speech is often considered to be one of the most basic tenets of democracy. As a fundamental right it is enshrined in documents such as the Bill of Rights in the United States, the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights, and the European Convention on Human Rights.

      The first amendment to the US constitution says that "Congress shall make no law abridging (limiting) the freedom of speech, or of the press" Freedom of speech is the liberty(kebebasan) to speak openly without fear of government restraint. It is closely linked to freedom of the press because this freedom includes both the right to speak and the right to be heard. In the United States, both the freedom of speech and freedom of press are commonly called freedom of expression.

      But on the other hand, the newly elected US president Donald Trump had criticized the world’s well-known news channels BBC and CNN. "I am extremely pleased to see that @CNN and @BBC has finally been exposed as #FakeNews and garbage journalism. It's about time!" he tweeted.

   Yet, let’s consider about Indonesia, over the past years Indonesia has made great strides(melangkahi) in becoming a stable, democratic country with a strong civil society and independent media. Where we have freedom almost from everything, including freedom of speech. According to “pasal 28 UUD 1945” says “it’s the right of the people to express their feeling orally(dengan lisan) or through writing”. But there are several cases against this constitution. For example, the government continued to criminalize peaceful political expression in Maluku and Papua. At least 90 political activists were imprisoned for their peaceful political activities. Which is getting lots of criticism from Right Groups.

     However, some politician analyser(penganalisa) said, Freedom of speech should never be restricted because it is a necessary part of a democracy. But some others said, it is indeed true that freedom of speech is crucial in any democracy, placing limits are just as important. It means each person has their own opinion. What’s your thought?

Sourece: BBC, CNN, Al-jazeera, BBC Indonesia, WIKIPEDIA

1.      How crucial is freedom of expression in this age?

2.      In what ways do u express your complaints to the public service?

3.      How well do you find the democracy run in Indonesia?

4.      What is "hate speech"? Is it illegal?

5.      To what extent should we adopt the freedom of expression as USA implement?

BENTENG PANYNYUA ENGLISH CLUB
(Social Institution for Education and Human Resources Development)
Secretariat of Activities: Fort Rotterdam Jl. Penghibur No. 1, Makassar
Secretariat: Jl. Tanjung Palette, No. Telp. 085342612767, FB: facebook.com/bpecMks

The reciprocal use of nuclear technology